Ho
| Population |
1,077,000 in India (1997). Population includes 444,000 in
Singhbhum, 200,000 in Oriya (1990 UBS). |
| Region |
Jharkhand, mainly in Singhbhum District; Orissa, Mayurbhanj and
Koenjhar districts; West Bengal. Also spoken in Bangladesh. |
| Alternate names |
Lanka Kol, Bihar Ho |
| Dialects |
Lohara, Chaibasa-Thakurmunda. Most speakers understand the
Chaibasa and Thakurmunda dialects well, at 90% to 92% on narrative
discourse. 'Kherwari' (Khanwar, Kharar, Kharoali, Kharwari) is a
group name for Ho, Mundari, and Santali, which are closely related
languages, and some other smaller languages or dialects. Lexical
similarity 85% between most dialects, except for three on the
southern and eastern edges of the Ho area. |
| Classification |
Austro-Asiatic,
Munda, North Munda, Kherwari, Mundari |
| Language use |
Vigorous. Positive language attitude. Oriya, Santali, or Hindi
are used in limited domains. |
| Language development |
Literacy rate in first language: 1% to 5%. Literacy rate in
second language: 25% to 50%. Literacy program in progress.
Devanagari script used in Bihar; Oriya script in Orissa.
Dictionary. Grammar. NT: 1997. |
| Comments |
A Scheduled Tribe in India. Different from Ho (Hani) of Myanmar,
China, Viet Nam, Laos. Forest. Agriculturalists; hunters.
Traditional religion, Hindu, Christian. |
Also spoken in:
| Language name |
Ho |
| Alternate names |
Lanka Kol |
| Comments |
Distinct from Ho (Hani) of Myanmar, China, Viet Nam, Laos. |
| HELLO |
johar |
| HOW ARE YOU
(singular) |
|
| HOW ARE YOU
(plural) |
|
| HOW ARE
THEY |
|
| YES |
A-yaa |
| I'M WELL |
|
| GOOD |
|
| AND YOU |
|
| THANK YOU |
|
| NO |
|
| WHAT HAPPENED |
|
| TELL ME |
|
| COME HERE |
|
| GO THERE |
|
| WHERE ARE YOU
GOING |
|
| WHEN WILL U COME
BACK |
|
| HOW ARE THE
CHILDREN |
|
| WHAT ARE U DOING |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| ENOUGH |
|
| |
|
| DO YOU SPEAK
SADRI |
|
| I SPEAK "SOME"
SADRI |
|
| I UNDERSTAND "SOME"
SADRI |
|
| ONE |
|
| TWO |
|
| THREE |
|
| FOUR |
|
| FIVE |
|
| SIX |
|
| SEVEN |
|
| EIGHT |
|
| NINE |
|
| TEN |
|
| RICE |
|
| MEAT |
|
| BEEF |
|
| |
|
| POTATOES |
|
| BREAD |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| GRAVY |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| I'M HUNGRY |
|
| I'M GOING TO EAT |
|
| I HAVE EATEN |
|
| I WILL EAT LATER |
|
| I'M EATING |
|
| HE \ SHE IS EATING |
|
| THEY ARE EATING |
|
| DO YOU WANT TO EAT |
|
| HE \ SHE WILL EAT |
|
| WHAT AM I EATING |
|
| YOU EAT |
|
| WHAT ARE WE EATING |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| MAN |
|
| MEN |
|
| WOMAN |
|
| WOMEN |
|
| BOY |
|
| BOYS |
|
| GIRL |
|
| GIRLS |
|
| FATHER |
|
| MOTHER |
|
| GRANDFATHER
(paternal) |
|
| GRANDMOTHER |
|
| GRANDFATHER (metarnal) |
|
| GRANDMOTHER |
|
|
|